Local Economic Development and the Environment by David Gibbs

Author:David Gibbs [Gibbs, David]
Language: eng
Format: epub
Tags: Social Science, Human Geography, Business & Economics, Development, Sustainable Development, Science, Earth Sciences, Geography, Life Sciences, Ecology
ISBN: 9781134703814
Google: xgxbwheT0_oC
Publisher: Routledge
Published: 2005-07-08T03:38:29+00:00

Notes

1 LIFE is the Financial Instrument for the Environment of the EU, specifically aimed at funding pilot environmental measures and projects. The Structural Funds are geared towards regional economic and social development activities and provide funding for projects and training activities. Most of the latter do not have a specific environmental focus, although there has been an increasing move towards incorporating environmental objectives into the output measures in order to assess environmental impacts.

2 These involve: cross-border co-operation, European energy networks and transnational development (INTERREG), adjustment to industrial change (RECHAR, RESIDER, RETEX, KONVER, the SMEs Initiative and ADAPT), local rural development (LEADER), the most remote regions (REGIS), urban policy (PESCA) and labour market integration (EMPLOYMENT).

3 These comprised programmes for development of lagging regions (Objective 1), conversion of old industrial regions (Objective 2) and development of rural areas (Objective 5b).

4 The European Commission, which is effectively the civil service of the EU, is divided into a number of Directorates-General. Each is headed by a Director-General and has responsibility for a specific area of EU policy.

5 As opposed to involvement in international military or peace-keeping operations, for example.

6 Australia has six states (New South Wales, South Australia, Western Australia, Victoria, Queensland and Tasmania) and two territorial governments (Northern Territory and Australian Capital Territory). In the text these are all referred to as state governments.

7 Originally entitled the National Land Management Program initiative, Landcare sought to bring together the various stakeholders in Australian land management to counter a long history of land and water degradation and to promote a more sustainable use of land, particularly agricultural land. It has been acclaimed as a success, both nationally and internationally, although doubts have been voiced about its longer-term viability and efficacy (see Ewing, 1996, for example).

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